Definition of Freelancer
A freelancer
is self-employed person offering services, usually to businesses and often to
multiple clients at a time. The kind of work consultants
do differs. Almost every kind of administration a business would need could be
given by a specialist, including (yet not restricted to, showcasing, for
example, web-based social networking advertising, copywriting, and attention,
composing, for example, articles and blog entries, mechanical support, for
example, web programming and plan, innovative works, for example, visual
depiction, and budgetary support, for example, accounting.
As per The
Freelancers Union, 55 million Americans- 35% of the workforce- have
independent vocations, with a joined evaluated gaining of $1 trillion a year.
Outsourcing is so
adaptable, you can set your own particular hours, working full or low
maintenance on your preferred activities. While customers can offer particulars
to the work, a specialist works like a self employed entity, in which he's
allowed to control how the function is finished. This is a vital qualification
for duty purposes, on the grounds that the IRS sees representatives and independent
temporary workers in an unexpected way.
Assist,
outsourcing permits you to set your own value, which is regularly higher than
what you'd make as a worker doing likewise work.
The consistency of
independent work can change. Numerous consultants work for a similar
arrangement of customers over a drawn out stretch of time. For instance, an
independent author may have a customer that requires an article twice every
week continuous.Become A Freelancer
Others work with
customers over shorter periods, generally on particular ventures. For instance,
an independent website specialist may assemble a site for a customer and once
the webpage is done, so is the work relationship.
Favorable circumstances
of Freelancing
There are a few
advantages to functioning as a specialist, including:
•Get started quickly:
Today
even. For whatever length of time that you definitely know the ability you plan
to offer, beginning is just an issue of discovering your first customer.
•Easy to
start:
You can begin at this moment, utilizing your system discover a customer. While
you'll need to manufacture a Linked In profile as well as a site, you can
arrange inside your present vocation and companion systems to locate your first
customer.
•Affordable:
Chances
are whether you can give the administration, you likewise have whatever
hardware or programming you have to convey it. In the long run you'll need to
put resources into business building apparatuses, for example, a site, however
utilizing Linkedin (which is free) is an extraordinary online resume that can
help you advance your administration.
•High interest for offer assistance: While the
commercial center of specialists is focused, the requirement for quality,
dependable consultants is developing. Numerous organizations don't have
representatives and rather have a group of consultants.
•Choose your own timetable: Work when and
where you need.
•Pick
and choose
customers: While before all else you may take any
customer that will contract you, as you develop, you can pick not to go up
against troublesome customers. You can even fire them.
•Do the work the way you see fit: While you have to
convey what the customer asks, how the work is done is dependent upon you.
Disservices
of Freelancing
Where there's a
decent, there's normally a terrible. Here are a few detriments to outsourcing:
•Can take time to build a steady clientele:
Getting
enough customers to make outsourcing something that backings you and your
family can take for a little while.
•Work can be sporadic: Numerous
consultants encounter a back and forth movement in their work. You have to get
ready for incline times, and be prepared to endeavor to convey take a shot at
time when work is abundant.
•Managing multiple clients and projects can be a challenge: While a few people
like the assortment of taking a shot at a few undertakings at once, others may
think that its hard to monitor due dates and pace themselves to convey quality
work on time. Awesome Time administration frameworks and association is vital.Become A Freelancer
•Pay might be low to begin: Particularly in
today's advanced economy, many individuals hope to pay less for work from
another consultant. Softening up with lower expenses might be required, yet as
fast as could be expected under the circumstances, look to charge what you're
worth and discover customers willing to pay for quality.
What's the
Difference Between a Freelancer and Home-Based Service Business ?
There truly isn't
a contrast amongst outsourcing and a domestic venture. Both are independently
employed people and can work for a few customers at once. Both can set their
own particular calendars and need to submit to a similar Self work impose
rules.
So, there are a
couple of contrasts amongst consultants and domestic undertaking proprietors. A
specialist frequently works under his own name, where as a household venture
proprietor more often than not makes a business name. Frequently a domestic
undertaking proprietor has discovered approach to fill a hole in the market
though a consultant works inside the set up necessities of the market.Become A Freelancer
Step by step
instructions to Get Started as a Freelancer :
Beginning as a
consultant is as simple as going by one of the independent locales to look for
some kind of employment, and systems administration with your present
authoritative reach to locate your first customer. Here's means to building an
independent profession:
1.Choose what you'll offer:Regular
independent work incorporates composing, website architecture, visual
communication, photography, advertising, online networking administration,
accounting and that's just the beginning.
2. Determine your target market: Who needs what
you bring to the table? Choose in the event that you'll practice inside a
particular specialty of your administration (i.e. duplicate composition or
WordPress website architecture) or inside a particular market (i.e. composing
for Realtors or website architecture for creators). This is an ideal
opportunity to choose your image and one of a kind offering suggestion.
3.Create an online portfolio:
Begin
at Linkedin , an informal community about vocation organizing. Manufacture a
profile that advances the advantages you bring to the table. Consider setting
up a Website, which will offer you more customization and adaptability than
LinkedIn.
4.Set your costs: Ensure you change
enough to cover your overhead, time to take the necessary steps, and in
addition to procure a living.
5 Start reaching out to find clients: Utilize
your system to help you associate with potential customers. Consider utilizing
an independent site, for example, FREELANCER.COM or UPWORK (formally eLance and
Odesk) to look for some kind of employment. While they may pay short of what
you need, it can be an awesome approach to get experience,testimonials and
referrals.
Outsourcing is a
quick and reasonable approach to begin filling in as your own manager from
home. All things considered, there are advantages and disadvantages, and
achievement originates from the individuals who arrange their business and
convey brilliant work. Become A Freelancer
Instructions to Become a Freelancer
Instructions to Become a Freelancer
How and Why to Freelance Your Services
Turning into a Freelancer is an approach to work at home and be autonomous without expecting to begin a genuine business. When in doubt, inasmuch as you work under your own name you don't have to enlist as a business (check your home state for any unique prerequisites). This makes it conceivable to begin as a consultant overnight without a great deal of bother and with minimal measure of cost.
What Is a Freelancer?
A specialist is somebody who offers administrations for a charge. As a rule terms, a specialist works autonomously with no desire of a lasting or long haul association with a solitary boss.
Why Would You Want to Freelance?
On the off chance that you all of a sudden get laid off, you'll have to accomplish something with a specific end goal to keep a salary stream coming in. The sooner you can do that, the less budgetary inconvenience you'll be in. While you can search and search for occupations and trust you get employed, you could choose to independent on the very beginning and attempt to look for some kind of employment freely.
In the event that you've had a desire to work for yourself in any case, turning into a consultant might be a decent approach to do it. You can even proceed with your pursuit of employment while you independent. Become A Freelancer
What Kind of Work Do Freelancers Do?
Specialists can be gotten some information about any sort of work you may envision. Here are only a couple of the most well known sorts of independent administrations:
•Freelance essayist
•Freelance desktop distributing administrations supplier
•Freelance virtual collaborator or virtual expert
•Freelance accountant
Fundamentally, anything you should think about doing in your own particular business, you can do on an independent premise under your own name. By and large, even in those callings where a permit is required.
What Do You Need to Freelance?
To independent, you fundamentally simply need something of significant worth you can offer to potential customers.
The vast majority draw on their work involvement and offer independent administrations in territories in which they are particularly skilled. The accompanying things are likewise valuable for the individuals who need to independent:
•A site to advance yourself
•A devoted business telephone or mobile phone number on which prospects can contact you
•A business card
•Ideally, a place of work, (for example, a mail station box or letter drop benefit)
•A arrangement of your best work
•Ideally, a couple references, yet you will fabricate those as you come
How Do You Find Freelance Work?
The appropriate response mostly relies on upon the kind of independent work you need to do. In any case, here a couple independent employment assets you should seriously think about:
•Craigs List - www.craigslist.org
•Guru - www.guru.com
•ELance - www.elance.com
•Freelancer - www.vworker.com
Some independent employment destinations are free - some charge a renewable expense keeping in mind the end goal to offer for occupations. At times, an independent occupation site may offer both free and paid participation, however in such cases the employments on which you can offer as a free part are typically exceptionally restricted.
A few specialists join a union that can likewise give openings for work. Become A Freelancer
You can likewise search for chances to get free promoting your independent administrations - including CraigsList and posting your profile on independent destinations.
On the off chance that you can turn out to be a piece of a system associated with your administrations, that is constantly useful. You ought to likewise post a profile on informal organizations, for example, LinkedIn.
How Do Freelancers Handle Taxes?
Like any employment or business, consultants need to meet their government, state and nearby assessment commitments. This implies documenting any assessed expense forms, similarly as you would on the off chance that you began your own particular business, with the exception of that your duties are recorded under your own particular name and government managed savings number rather than your business name and duty ID number. Any customers who pay you more than $600 in a schedule year are required to furnish you with IRS shape 1099 revealing your income.
Assessed charges are recorded with the IRS (and in many states, with your state) on a quarterly premise. The IRS gives structures to help you assess your charges so you send in the perfect sum. Not paying your assessed quarterly expenses can bring about intrigue and punishments from both the IRS and your state. Become A Freelancer
What are the Major Advantages of Being a Freelancer?
In the event that you independent, you can typically set your own particular hours. You might be to a great degree occupied one month and at a halt the following month in your independent practice. Utilize the ease back circumstances to rest up and to discover better approaches to discover independent gigs in your field. Likewise utilize an ideal opportunity to enhance your site or explore different ways you can showcase your independent administrations.
Outsourcing is the thing that the "American Dream" is about for some individuals. Low expenses and little time and bother to begin with a lot of freedom. In most by far of cases you will have the capacity to telecommute. You won't need to persuade your manager it's a smart thought to let you work from home.
Outsourcing is additionally an incredible approach to help keep your head above water on the off chance that you find abruptly get yourself unemployed. It can help hold you over until you find other work, at the same time giving you important involvement in customer administration and giving you presentation to an assortment of tasks. Who knows, after you've been a consultant for some time, you may choose you like being autonomous and quit searching for business!
What are the Pitfalls of Being a Freelancer?
A few people trust that being a specialist implies they won't get paid much and a few businesses who employ consultants think they shouldn't need to pay much. That is on account of the opposition is extremely intense and it's worldwide - individuals from all around the globe may offer similar administrations for not as much as half of what you can offer them. That will be normal. After some time, your experience and your references will help you charge Freelance rates you can be pleased with. Become A Freelancer
Remember as well, that a specialist you are not committed to acknowledge an occupation. In the event that you don't care for what's being offered, continue searching for something that pays more. Lamentably, a reasonable number of bosses who utilize specialists wind up exploiting them - by paying a substandard rate, not paying on time, and so forth. As you turn into an accomplished consultant you will figure out how to perceive which bosses are justified regardless of your inconvenience and which are most certainly not.
Instructions to Become a Freelancer
Instructions to Become a Freelancer
How and Why to Freelance Your Services
Turning into a Freelancer is an approach to work at home and be autonomous without expecting to begin a genuine business. When in doubt, inasmuch as you work under your own name you don't have to enlist as a business (check your home state for any unique prerequisites). This makes it conceivable to begin as a consultant overnight without a great deal of bother and with minimal measure of cost.
What Is a Freelancer?
A specialist is somebody who offers administrations for a charge. As a rule terms, a specialist works autonomously with no desire of a lasting or long haul association with a solitary boss.
Why Would You Want to Freelance?
On the off chance that you all of a sudden get laid off, you'll have to accomplish something with a specific end goal to keep a salary stream coming in. The sooner you can do that, the less budgetary inconvenience you'll be in. While you can search and search for occupations and trust you get employed, you could choose to independent on the very beginning and attempt to look for some kind of employment freely. Become A Freelancer
In the event that you've had a desire to work for yourself in any case, turning into a consultant might be a decent approach to do it. You can even proceed with your pursuit of employment while you independent.
What Kind of Work Do Freelancers Do?
Specialists can be gotten some information about any sort of work you may envision. Here are only a couple of the most well known sorts of independent administrations:
•Freelance essayist
•Freelance desktop distributing administrations supplier
•Freelance virtual collaborator or virtual expert
•Freelance accountant
Fundamentally, anything you should think about doing in your own particular business, you can do on an independent premise under your own name. By and large, even in those callings where a permit is required.
What Do You Need to Freelance?
To independent, you fundamentally simply need something of significant worth you can offer to potential customers.
The vast majority draw on their work involvement and offer independent administrations in territories in which they are particularly skilled. The accompanying things are likewise valuable for the individuals who need to independent:
•A site to advance yourself
•A devoted business telephone or mobile phone number on which prospects can contact you
•A business card
•Ideally, a place of work, (for example, a mail station box or letter drop benefit)
•A arrangement of your best work
•Ideally, a couple references, yet you will fabricate those as you come
How Do You Find Freelance Work?
The appropriate response mostly relies on upon the kind of independent work you need to do. In any case, here a couple independent employment assets you should seriously think about:
•Craigs List - www.craigslist.org
•Guru - www.guru.com
•ELance - www.elance.com
•Freelancer - www.vworker.com
Some independent employment destinations are free - some charge a renewable expense keeping in mind the end goal to offer for occupations. At times, an independent occupation site may offer both free and paid participation, however in such cases the employments on which you can offer as a free part are typically exceptionally restricted.
A few specialists join a union that can likewise give openings for work. Become A Freelancer
You can likewise search for chances to get free promoting your independent administrations - including CraigsList and posting your profile on independent destinations.
On the off chance that you can turn out to be a piece of a system associated with your administrations, that is constantly useful. You ought to likewise post a profile on informal organizations, for example, LinkedIn.
How Do Freelancers Handle Taxes?
Like any employment or business, consultants need to meet their government, state and nearby assessment commitments. This implies documenting any assessed expense forms, similarly as you would on the off chance that you began your own particular business, with the exception of that your duties are recorded under your own particular name and government managed savings number rather than your business name and duty ID number. Any customers who pay you more than $600 in a schedule year are required to furnish you with IRS shape 1099 revealing your income.
Assessed charges are recorded with the IRS (and in many states, with your state) on a quarterly premise. The IRS gives structures to help you assess your charges so you send in the perfect sum. Not paying your assessed quarterly expenses can bring about intrigue and punishments from both the IRS and your state. Become A Freelancer
What are the Major Advantages of Being a Freelancer?
In the event that you independent, you can typically set your own particular hours. You might be to a great degree occupied one month and at a halt the following month in your independent practice. Utilize the ease back circumstances to rest up and to discover better approaches to discover independent gigs in your field. Likewise utilize an ideal opportunity to enhance your site or explore different ways you can showcase your independent administrations.
Outsourcing is the thing that the "American Dream" is about for some individuals. Low expenses and little time and bother to begin with a lot of freedom. In most by far of cases you will have the capacity to telecommute. You won't need to persuade your manager it's a smart thought to let you work from home. Become A Freelancer
Outsourcing is additionally an incredible approach to help keep your head above water on the off chance that you find abruptly get yourself unemployed. It can help hold you over until you find other work, at the same time giving you important involvement in customer administration and giving you presentation to an assortment of tasks. Who knows, after you've been a consultant for some time, you may choose you like being autonomous and quit searching for business!
What are the Pitfalls of Being a Freelancer?
A few people trust that being a specialist implies they won't get paid much and a few businesses who employ consultants think they shouldn't need to pay much. That is on account of the opposition is extremely intense and it's worldwide - individuals from all around the globe may offer similar administrations for not as much as half of what you can offer them. That will be normal. After some time, your experience and your references will help you charge Freelance rates you can be pleased with.
Remember as well, that a specialist you are not committed to acknowledge an occupation. In the event that you don't care for what's being offered, continue searching for something that pays more. Lamentably, a reasonable number of bosses who utilize specialists wind up exploiting them - by paying a substandard rate, not paying on time, and so forth. As you turn into an accomplished consultant you will figure out how to perceive which bosses are justified regardless of your inconvenience and which are most certainly not. Become A Freelancer
Easiest Part-Time Jobs to Boost Your Income
Easiest Part-Time Jobs to Boost Your Income
Is it accurate to say that you are searching for a simple low maintenance work? Regardless of whether you need a moment occupation that is simpler than your initial one, are in school and need to gain some additional cash while as yet having time for your reviews, or just need to support your pay with low maintenance work that doesn't require an excessive amount of exertion, there are numerous alternatives accessible.
Before you begin exploring employments, recollect that simple relies on upon how great a fit the occupation is.
What may be the most effortless employment ever for you, could challenge for somebody without your aptitude. What's simple for another person could be a vocation that you could never need to do. For instance, in case you're a social butterfly who loves to converse with anybody and everybody, being an item mark envoy could be an extraordinary fit. In case you're a self observer who might rather work unobtrusively all alone, there are different alternatives that would in all likelihood be a superior fit for you. Become A Freelancer
Remember that when you're evaluating work alternatives and considering which occupations you could manage without working too hard. Audit tips for arranging work that fits your necessities and your accessibility.
Beat 25 Easy Part-Time Jobs
Here's a rundown of low maintenance occupations that can be simple for employment searchers to get and not very difficult to do, while giving an approach to support your profit.
1. Arrangement Setter
In the event that you have great relational abilities, arrangement setting could be the occupation for you.
You'll be setting up arrangements for salesmen, either face to face or on the telephone. You may need to call imminent clients, or you could catch up on leads produced by the organization. Become A Freelancer
2. Mark Ambassador
In case you're a benevolent social butterfly with energy, the capacity to remain on your feet, and the accessibility to work adaptable hours, including ends of the week, mark ministers impart, give away specimens, and impart item advantages to forthcoming clients.
3. Classroom or Library Monitor
Regardless of whether it's in a classroom, library, exercise center, or on a transport, a screen is in charge of keeping request and looking after train. The occupation prerequisites incorporate solid relational abilities, and the capacity to work with youngsters.
4. Client Service
On the off chance that you like peopling, investigating issues, and fathoming issues, work in client administration merits considering. There are various parts accessible, and numerous client benefit employments include online work so you can telecommute. The timetable is adaptable, so you might have the capacity to effortlessly work around your normal everyday employment or school plan. Become A Freelancer
5. Information Entry
Information section is another occupation that should be possible either on the web or on location. You'll should have the capacity to sort rapidly and precisely. For a few employments, you'll require particular abilities like a learning of legitimate or therapeutic wording. Do know that there are numerous online information section tricks, so take care to dodge them.
6. Conveyance Driver
Do you have a dependable auto? Do you like driving? Employments conveying sustenance, blooms, bundles, and whatever else that is conveyed straightforwardly to a client's front entryway are copious.
Some of these occupations accompany incredible advantages, similar to free or marked down nourishment, collision protection rebates, roadside help, and an adaptable calendar.
7. Health specialist
Do you invest a ton of energy at the exercise center? Turning into a health specialist is an approach to get paid for sharing your sound way of life. Contingent upon your expertise set, you could give singular direction as a fitness coach or show aggregate classes.
8. Sustenance/Product Demonstrations
Is it accurate to say that you are a foodie? Do you want to cook? Numerous supermarkets, item makers, and strength retailers contract low maintenance specialists to show formulas and item tastings. On the off chance that you have kitchen abilities, consider utilizing them to win some additional cash.
9. Independent Work
Outsourcing is an approach to utilize the aptitudes you have officially created to help your profit. There are numerous businesses who would prefer not to focus on adding a representative to the finance, and independent openings for work are copious. You can act to such an extent—or as meager—as you need. In case you don't know what you could do, peruse the employment postings on Upwork to get a few thoughts. Require help beginning? Here's the means by which to wind up distinctly a consultant. Become A Freelancer
10. Visitor Services Representative
Lodgings, clubs, historical centers, guest focuses, occasion spaces, kids' movement settings, and different associations require visitor administrations partners to help things run easily. You could take reservations, arranging a gathering, giving a visit, or facilitating an occasion. The hours are adaptable, and you can deal with an occasion premise or a customary timetable.
11. Inn Concierge
On the off chance that you have the scoop on the best places to eat and things to do in your group, low maintenance work as an attendant at an inn or resort will empower you to impart your recommendation to visitors. Staffing an attendant work area is a decent simple occupation choice for somebody with relationship building abilities. Become A Freelancer
12. House Sitter/Caretaker
A best aspect concerning being a house sitter or a guardian is that you don't really need to do something besides ensure the property you are viewing is sheltered and secure. You may need to organize repairs, if there's an issue, and maybe do some standard upkeep. When you're working for the correct customer, it's very little unique in relation to hanging out at home.
13. Statistical surveying/Survey Caller
One of the most effortless sorts of telephone calling employments is directing studies or statistical surveying. You don't need to attempt to offer anything. Or maybe, you're making inquiries or gathering data for your manager.
14. Merchandiser
Many welcome card, bloom, daily paper, and other claim to fame things in markets, retail chains, and drug stores are supplied by outside merchants. Those sellers contract low maintenance merchandisers to recharge shows, arrange stock and set up advancements. The hours are low maintenance and adaptable, and, on the off chance that you can lift boxes, this is a simple employment to do. Become A Freelancer
15. Daily paper Delivery
Yes, day by day daily papers still do get conveyed. In the event that you have early morning accessibility and a solid auto, conveying your nearby daily paper can gain you some additional cash. Telephone directories are (truly) still conveyed, also.
16. Online Sales
There are individuals who bring home the bacon offering on eBay. There are other people who utilize it as an approach to supplement their wage by offering on the web. In case you're tricky, Etsy is a possibility for offering your products. Does your storage room require a wipe out? Destinations like Poshmark make it simple to offer your additional stuff.
17. Stopping Attendant
The most effortless stopping occupation is a corner chaperon, where you administer or take tickets and gather expenses. In case you're an auto buff, valet stopping may be the employment for you. Contingent upon where you work, you may have the chance to stop some extremely uncommon vehicles. You'll require a substantial driver's permit for generally positions.
18. Pet Sitter
Is it accurate to say that you are a creature sweetheart? On the off chance that you have space in your home for a visitor or two, you can win cash dealing with canines, felines, and different pets while their proprietors are away. That is the most straightforward approach to do it, however pet sitters who go to the proprietor's house are likewise sought after. Become A Freelancer
19. Retail
When you consider what makes work simple, likewise think about what makes an occupation fun. Working for a tremendous standard retailer won't not be your concept of an awesome employment, but rather there are little nearby organizations that could be an alternative. Think book shop in case you're a book mate, pet store in case you're a pet darling, alcohol store in case you're a wine authority, or tool shop in case you're convenient. Here are a portion of the best hourly retail occupations.
20. Rideshare Driver
Uber, Lyft, and other rideshare organizations are pitched as one of the most ideal approaches to win income sans work. You can join online to get employed, you might have the capacity to get paid in a split second, and you can set your own calendar. Do remember that you'll require a four entryway dependable vehicle, driver's permit, and protection to begin.
21. Eatery Host
Filling in as a server or server is a typical second employment, yet a host or master occupation can be less demanding. In case you're active and amicable, can deal with the visitor stream if the eatery doesn't take reservations, and can juggle telephone calls while you're doing different undertakings, this is a choice to consider. Become A Freelancer
22. Salon/Spa Front Desk/Reception
Is it accurate to say that you are ready to multitask? Are your interpersonal aptitudes choice? Front work area positions include welcoming customers, dealing with a timetable, and noting the telephone. You may likewise deal with item deals and offer visits to new or planned customers.
23. Online networking Helper
A few of us can't make tracks in an opposite direction from our social records. In case you're one of those individuals who invests an excessive amount of energy in social, you can put it to great utilize and get paid for utilizing your online networking abilities. Organizations, extensive and little, require help advancing their organizations and connecting with clients. Here's a rundown of a portion of the occupations you may be occupied with. Become A Freelancer
24. Test Proctor
Likewise with the greater part of these occupations, you'll require adaptability in your calendar. A few exams are offered on nights and ends of the week, while others are on the web. Test delegate check distinguishing proof, screen the testing condition, report abnormalities, and finish testing printed material.
25. Coach
In case you're an understudy or instructor, coaching occupations in your general vicinity of mastery are an approach to profit without a long haul duty. For most employments, you'll require a scholastic foundation in the topic you wish to guide. You'll likewise require tolerance and incredible relational abilities.
Step by step instructions to Find an Easy Part-Time Job
Step by step instructions to get procured, relies on upon the kind of occupation for which you're applying. Craigslist is dependably a decent wellspring of low maintenance work postings. FlexJobs is a possibility for remote work. The top employment destinations are dependably a possibility for discovering occupations to apply for. Utilize the propelled seek alternatives to qualify your pursuit by kind of employment (low maintenance), work title, and area. Become A Freelancer
Do you have a most loved store, bistro, exercise center, or salon where you're a consistent? Verify whether they are procuring. Clients can make
Tell your companions, family, and neighbors that you're searching for low maintenance work that isn't upsetting or too hard in light of the fact that you have different duties that you have to concentrate on, and you don't need a requesting position now in your profession. Systems administration does work, and it's among the top ways individuals get enlisted. Become A Freelancer


